Interested in joining the Ligonier team? Bread is an important symbol of life in Scripture (John 6:35), so it is not surprising to see the bread of the Presence, which was put before the life-giving Creator, reappear in several significant places in the Bible. 21-22). Is it possible to create a concave light? See AHIJAH, 3. (Compare 1Samuel 21:10-15.) Lets take a look: Which account is correct? Since there is no satisfactory textual explanation for the anomalies, I see the most plausible explanation that the translator intentionally changed the name (or title - see below) to Abimelech. Once, in an emergency, it was given to King David to feed his hungry men. 26 And Abimelech said, I wot not who hath done this thing; neither didst thou tell me, neither yet heard I of it, but to day. We'll discuss the original Hebrew, plus the words and names Ahimelech is related to, plus the occurences of this name in the Bible. '(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), 1 Samuel 21:8David said to Ahimelech, "Isn't there here under your hand spear or sword? 2And the name of the man was Elimelech, and the name of his wife was Naomi, and the names of his two sons were Mahlon and Kilion. There are biblical accounts of the same person having different names. 7). This is possible as "Abimelech" means literally Father-King/Ruler and was common among Philistine dynastic rulers (see Genesis 20, 21:22-34 and 26). In the parallel passage, 2Samuel 8:17, we have the name Ahimelech, and Abiathar, the son of Ahimelech. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. On the other hand, in second Samuel 8:17, Ahimelech is the son of Abiathar, but in 1 Samuel 23:6, Abiathar is the son of Ahimelech. This most authorities /a/abimelech.htm - 36k, 1 Samuel 21:1Then came David to Nob to Ahimelech the priest. 22 Then David said to Abiathar: "That day, when Doeg . King of Gerar of the Philistines, who took Sarah into his harem; but being warned of God in a dream, he restored her to Abraham, and gave him 1,000 pieces of silver as a "covering of the eyes" for Sarah, that is, as an atoning present, and to be a testimony of her innocence in the eyes of all. On the other hand, in second Samuel 8:17, Ahimelech is the son of Abiathar, but in 1 Samuel 23:6, Abiathar is the son of Ahimelech. Uzziah is the father of Jotham in Matt. . In 1Chr 8:16 MT says Abimelech, but LXX says Ahimelech. 1 Samuel 21:12 (LEB): Now David came to Nob, to Ahimelech the priest. 4 What happened to the Tabernacle in Shiloh? How does Jashobeam become Iesebaal, or Jeshebeab become Isbaal? It doesnt matter how sour or good things are, keep to your agreements because the ALMIGHTY will for sure! A distraction was made between the common and the holy (1 Samuel 21:4-6). 1 He descended from Eli in the line of Ithamar. During his priesthood the tabernacle was at Nob, where Ahimelech dwelt, with many priests. How many men went with David in pursuit of the Amalekites? J source (ch. 24:59). LXX was less unified than MT because the LXX Hebrew text is much older. Who was Abimelech to David? Following such traditions leads only to bondage to sin and not freedom according to the law of liberty that the Spirit enables us to obey (James 1:25). When he changed his face before Abimelech, and he let him go, and he went away. I haven't brought my sword or any other weapon, because the king's business was urgent." 9 The priest replied, "The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom you killed in the Valley of Elah, is here; it is wrapped in a cloth behind the ephod. Sam Storms, When God Honors the Underdog Abimelech (63 Occurrences). But Ahimelech and the priests are slain by the paranoid King Saul; only Abiathar flees to David with 400 might men. How David Fled To Ahimelech And Afterwards To The Kings Of The Philistines And Of The Moabites, And How Saul Slew Ahimelech And His Family. You never told me about this before today!, So Abraham and Abimelech made an agreement. region: Genesis 20:1 (LEB): And Abraham journeyed from there to the land of the Negev, and he settled between Kadesh and Shur. See us on social mediaFacebookorTwitter. However, is not simply a name, it is a concept within the Law: When you come to the land that the LORD your God is giving you, and you possess it and dwell in it and then say, I will set a king over me, like all the nations that are around me, you may indeed set a king over you whom the LORD your God will choose. Very good question! He sought to rule over Shechem by killing all other sons of Gideon, who were all slain except for Gideon's youngest son, Jotham. Multi-Version Concordance Ahim'elech (16 Occurrences). This was an appropriate end for Abimelech's malevolent regime and the evil he had committed against his own brothers and people. Who is Abimelech and Abraham? Abimelech glossary term meaning as seen in the King James Bible. Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible . Ahimelech Was a Regular Priest, While Abiathar Was the High Priest. Abimelech (also spelled Abimelek or Avimelech; Hebrew: / , Modern Avmle / Avmle Tiberian Amele / Amle, "my father is a king"/"my father reigns") was the generic name given to all Philistine kings in the Hebrew Bible from the time of Abraham through King David. Copyright 2023, Bible Study Tools. Ahimelech. Ahijah the son of Ahitub (1 Samuel 14:3, 18) was either the same person under another name, or was Ahimelech's father or brother. Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE, but little more is known about him as a historical figure.. The sins of the tongue are severely denounced in Hebrew ethics. Telling the Truth for Women - Jill Briscoe, The Truth About Power! A long time passed with Abraham and Sarah dwelling in the Philistine land when Abimelech and Phicol confronted Abraham with a violent disagreement at a well. Some think, however, that both names belong to the same person. An indepth look at the meaning and etymology of the awesome name Ahimelech. Then the king commanded that he, with the other priests who stood beside him, 86 in all, should be slain with his family. [1] He descended from Aaron's son Ithamar and the High Priest of Israel Eli. This most authorities consider the more correct reading. 1 Samuel 21:1 Then came /a/ahim'elech.htm - 11k, Nob (6 Occurrences) city of the priests, first mentioned in the history of David's wanderings (1 Samuel 21:1). Ahimelech (Hebrew: mele, "my brother is king"/"brother of a king"), the son of Ahitub and father of Abiathar (1 Samuel 22:20-23), but described as the son of Abiathar in 2 Samuel 8:17 and in four places in 1 Chronicles. But the face of YHVH opposes those who do evil, to cut off all memory of them from the earth. Another possible Abimelech in the Bible was a son of the high priest Abiathar, mentioned in 1 Chronicles 18:16. ; "[the divine] brother is king" or "the Melech [deity] is my brother"), name of three biblical figures. //mcgarvey/the four-fold gospel/xxxviii jesus defends disciples who.htm, A Soldier who Spared his Enemy Now when Abiathar, the son of Ahimelech, fled to David in Keilah, he came down with the priestly robe used in consulting Jehovah in his hand. Instead, the Fathers joy is to listen and respond to His children.89, The LORD is near to those whose spirit is crushed. Lying and slander were deemed by the rabbis as especially hateful to ADONAI. Robert H. Roe, Pastor. Were also onInstagram, Your email address will not be published. Abimelech definition from the Bible Dictionary. | GotQuestions.org. Genesis 20, 21. It is vital and in this story of Abraham the Hebrew (and holder of the covenant of the ALMIGHTY) and Abimelech the Philistine, it appears the covenant was broken! When we learn of, Then the Angel of the LORD Put To Death a Hundred and Eighty Five Thousand Men in the Assyrian Camp, The sins of the tongue are severely denounced in Hebrew ethics. The purpose is to protect an innocent person. This is supported by the fact that Moses father-in-law is called Reuel in Ex. Maybe it's because the passages that mention Abimelech, Ahimelech and Elimelech take place in the same(?) Im not able to find anything relevant in all the scholarly resources I have in Logos. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Thus Abraham and Abimelech made an agreement at Beersheba. Does a summoned creature play immediately after being summoned by a ready action? However, a translator would also continue to know the original meaning behind each name: The misuse of these names is found in Ruth, 1 Samuel, 1 Chronicles, and Psalm 52. Abimelech, the Philistine king of Gerar, .read more. See more. I sought the LORD, and He answered me; He rescued me from everything I feared. Write your analysis in the comments below! The anomalous use of the name Abimelech is not limited to Ruth; elsewhere it is used selectively to replace Ahimelech. 22 And it came to pass at that time, that Abimelech and Phichol the chief captain of his host spake unto Abraham, saying, God is with thee in all that thou doest: 23 Now therefore swear unto me here by God that thou wilt not deal falsely with me, nor with my son, nor with my sons son: but according to the kindness that I have done unto thee, thou shalt do unto me, and to the land wherein thou hast sojourned. 15 Joab the son of Zeruiah was over the army; Jehoshaphat the son of Ahilud was recorder; 16 Zadok the son of Ahitub and Abimelech the son of Abiathar were the priests; Shavsha was the scribe; 17 Benaiah the son of Jehoiada was over the Cherethites and the Pelethites; and David's sons were chief ministers at the king's side. Unlike Sarah, Rebekah was never taken from her husband. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Tom lowe 1/5/2022 Abimelech, King of Gerar Abimelech [1] means "my father a king" or "father of a king.". of Young lions can be needy, they can go hungry, but those who see ADONAI lack nothing good. As high priest, Ahimelech would have been informed about what was happening in Saul's household, and how David was being ill-treated. Blayney, B., Thomas Scott, and R.A. Torrey with Canne, John, Browne. Fearful, an Edomite, the chief overseer of Saul's flocks (1 Samuel 21:7). He is first mentioned in Judges 8:30-31 where we read, " [Gideon] had seventy sons of his own, for he had many wives. 16:23? And Jothams father was known as Azariah in 2 Kings 15:7 and Uzziah in 2 Kings 15:32.1ref. David had to escape for his life. This is all speculative but just some ideas. He was summoned into Saul's presence, and accused of disloyalty for assisting David, on the information of Doeg the Edomite. . Here is a comparison of the names in those books where the treatment is inconsistent: As shown, in these books there is one "translation philosophy" which if followed will explain most of the decisions on how a name is to be recorded: Behind the Greek and is the meaning of "My father is king" or "My brother is king." In fine, Jesus is critically correct in calling the place "the house of God" (Mark 2:26). Hushai deceives Absalom (2 Samuel 16:15-19). We greatly appreciate your consideration! The purpose is to protect Ahimelech from knowingly helping a fugitive from the king. In his time he had led the Israelites against the Midanites, a rival tribal group in the land of Canaan, and governed the tribes as Shoftem . document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Copyright 2012 - 2018 The Teaching Ministry of Jay Mack 2006-2018 | All Rights Reserved | Powered by, have been victimized by the arrogant. Is it correct to use "the" before "materials used in making buildings are"? Achish, king of Gath, in the title of Psalm 34. Abimelech This is a fairly common personal name in northwest Semitic literature (Ugaritic and Phoenician literature). @Alex correct, but see LXX I Chronicles (or Supplements) 24, and you may find. The point is: Sarah, at age 89, may have looked similar to . Media related to Achimelech at Wikimedia Commons, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ahimelech&oldid=1137416232, This page was last edited on 4 February 2023, at 14:58. Tod Twist, 10 Things You Should Know about the Sovereignty of God 29:32, 33. Scripture: Genesis 21:22-34. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Pronunciation of abimelech with 3 audio pronunciations, 2 meanings, 8 translations, 5 sentences and more for abimelech. 1 Samuel 21 Lesson #10 June 17, 1979. This most authorities consider the more correct reading. 1 Samuel 22:20-22. " So his servant ran him through, and he died. Thats not honoring the agreement! Is a PhD visitor considered as a visiting scholar? Also, Jothams father was known as Azariah in 2 Kings 15:7 and Uzziah in 2 Kings 15:32. But Ahimelech ended up being killed anyway. David and the Amalekites Six hundred men went in pursuit, but a third of them were too exhausted to go further than the HaBesor Stream. B. David answered //christianbookshelf.org/sherman/the childrens bible/the cost of a lie.htm, Love and Remorse son of Xer, the captain of his host: and Saul lay in the trench, and the people pitched round about him.6. At that point in his life, David was running from Saul, who was motivated to kill him out of a desire to protect his own throne (20:3031). It is Boaz who is asuming the role of Mahlon's brother when he marries Ruth. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), 1 Samuel 22:16The king said, "You shall surely die, Ahimelech, you, and all your father's house. Does ZnSO4 + H2 at high pressure reverses to Zn + H2SO4? (BBE DBY WBS YLT RSV NIV), Ahimelech: A Hittite, and Friend of David, Ahimelech: Also Called Ahia--A High Priest, During the Reign of David: Killed by the Command of Saul, Ahimelech: Gives Shewbread and the Sword of Goliath to David, International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, 288. David feigns madness before Achish king of Gath (1 Samuel 21:10-15). This was particularly the case after the capture of the ark by the Philistines, and the deaths of Eli and his sons. O rei de Gate, mais conhecido como Acish . 1:2, 1:3, 2:1) and in I Samuel (21:1, 21:6, 21:8, 22:9), the LXX (in all printed critical versions, although some manuscripts correct this, see here for details) as well as Josephus, Antiquities 5:9:1 and 6:12:1 (who may have relied on the LXX, but that is a separate question) replace other similar Hebrew names with Abimelekh. Ahimelech (Hebrew: mele, "my brother is king"/"brother of a king"),[1] the son of Ahitub and father of Abiathar (1 Samuel 22:2023), but described as the son of Abiathar in 2 Samuel 8:17 and in four places in 1 Chronicles. the name of the character in Ruth is Elimelekh, the name of the character in I Samuel is Ahimelekh, mg.alhatorah.org/Full/Divrei_HaYamim_I/18.16#e0n6, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. In this verse God made all the women, including the slaves, barren as punishment for Abimelech's crimes. Share the article on your favorite social media outlet; help the Word flow out into all nations! 21 He told David that Saul had killed the priests of the LORD. One possibility is that Jesus is referring to a different person since he says high priest in Mark 2:26, but it does not say high priest in 1 Sam. But Abimelech said, I dont know who did this. In what way is this psalm also your testimony (Romans 8:1)? They looked to Him and grew radiant; their faces will never blush for shame. Yochanan saw verse 20 fulfilled in Yeshua (see John 19:36). Why does Jesus call Abiathar the high priest in Mark 2:26, when 1 Samuel 21 indicates it was Ahimelech? Do you need underlay for laminate flooring on concrete? Men deposited votive offerings there, the sword of Goliath, for example (1 Samuel 21:9). MT unified it to say Ahimelech, and the LXX Hebrew text had been unified to say Abimelech. In fact, at one point in a conversation with Jesus, the Jewish by Matt Slick | Feb 8, 2023 | Bible Difficulties, Matthew - Mark. The disciples would not finish going through Israel, until Jesus returned, 2 Samuel 8:17, Zadok the son of Ahitub and. This can be difficult and is fraught with peril, Therefore, it appears that both men shared each others names. However, perhaps Abimelech was a royal title, rather than a proper name. Before Abimelech Psalm 34: 1-22 . Abimelech era o nome mais proeminente de um rei politesta de Gerar que mencionado em duas das trs narrativas de esposa e irm em Gnesis, em conexo com Abrao e Isaque. (Compare 1 Ki. Psalm 34 was Davids hymn of praise after God had delivered him from the Philistines. But they have their reward in divine deliverance. PEMBROKE PARK, Fla., Feb. 14, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- NEX-XOS, a leading manufacturer of shelf stable foods and provider of contract packaging, assembly, and distribution services, announced today that it is launching OBAR by OMEALS a unique healthy everyday bar that can also be used as a meal replacement or nutrition bar. In contrast to the positive lead of his father, Abimelech focused on his own personal gain, hurting many in the process. (1Sa 30:7; 1Chr 24:3,6,31). In response, Abraham seeks to justify his actions, with an elaborate series of . Is LXX "Enoch pleased God" a reasonable idiomatic translation of Hebrew "Enoch walked with God"? [The righteous] cried out, and ADONAI heard, and He saved them from all their troubles. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. HALOT says that Ahimelech is a conjectural reading for Abimelech, which, I think, means that it is a guess that both names are interchangeable. Saul therefore summoned Ahimelech and angrily demanded to know why Ahimelech had given help to David, and why Ahimelech was conspiring with David against him. 1. Lets look into it prophetically! ADONAI redeems His servants; no one who takes refuge in Him will be condemned (Psalm 34:15-22 CJB). Replacing a name whose meaning is "My God is king" hides the contradictory fact Elimelech and his sons die so a distant relative may establish the line of David. Salem Media Group. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), 1 Samuel 22:11Then the king sent to call Ahimelech the priest, the son of Ahitub, and all his father's house, the priests who were in Nob: and they came all of them to the king. My soul shall make its boast in the LORD; the humble shall . (1 Samuel 30:7) [NETS]. Thanks for contributing an answer to Biblical Hermeneutics Stack Exchange! In the MT and other early versions, the name of the character in Ruth is Elimelekh, and the name of the character in I Samuel is Ahimelekh. When he pretended to be insane before Abimelech, who drove him away. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. It means my father is king, and may be a title. David deceives Ahimelech the priest at Nob (1 Samuel 21:2). Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Through faith, David built altars to the Lord and offered to build a temple to him. There are a few other distinctions in these two stories. (1.) T. Nelson and Sons. Abimelech, First King of Israel. However, a woman in the tower heroically dropped a large rock on Abimelech's head and cracked his skull. Thank you for your interest in supporting CARM. What was the purpose of David deceiving Ahimelech? What am I doing wrong here in the PlotLegends specification? [If you do,] keep your tongue from evil and your lips from deceiving talk. The Jews were very familiar with persecution throughout their history. The purpose is to protect an innocent person. (2.) What Does It Mean That There Is No One Holy Like God? David wrote: The eyes of ADONAI watch over the righteous, and His ears are open to their cry. Schipper (here) suggests that it is because it is a more common name, but that too seems unrealistic - are there any other instances in the LXX where we see that an uncommon name is replaced with a more common one? It was customary to inquire of Yahweh there (1 Samuel 22:10, 15). B. Todays passage is one such place, describing a time when David came to the tabernacle looking for something to eat and a weapon with which he could defend himself (1 Sam. Teacher: Show the path from just southwest of Beersheba, going to Gerar. Ahimelech has been identified with *Ahijah, son of Ahitub, who is also mentioned in the time of Saul and who acted . . 23:6, Abiathar is the son of Ahimelech. 1:7; 2:22, 26, 27; 4:4. which is not lawful. After Saul has been king for a good many years we find Ahijah in his retinue, acting as priest and wearing priestly vestments. It was a hereditary priesthood (1 Samuel 22:11, 15). How blessed are those who take refuge in Him! (Deuteronomy 17:15-16 ESV). Isaac was prosperous behind the power of the ALMIGHTY and he was envied by the Philistines. Telling the Truth for Women - Jill Briscoe, Harvest Christian Fellowship - Pastor Mike Finizio, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Complete). In Praise and Wisdom: After affirming that God is good to those who trust Him, David then instructed the people how to live a long life. In addition to his personal experience, he had witnessed how the righteous of the TaNaKh radiate confidence and joy. Achimelek -- "brother of a king," an Israelite name, also a. Jesus Defends Disciples who Pluck Grain on the Sabbath. Book of Judges: New International Commentary on the Old Testament by Barry Webb. Abraham lived to be 175 (Genesis 25:7). [Jesus here refers to the incident recorded at I. Sam. The bread was changed every sabbath, and the priests ate that which had been displayed. Abraham approached Abimelech because of his servant's attacks and the loss of his well. Early the next morning the men swore an oath to each other. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The first half of the Psalm alternates between personal testimony and a repeated call to join in the praise and be stimulated in newness of faith (Psalm 34:1-7). Then answered David and said to Ahimelech the Hittite //maclaren/expositions of holy scripture f/love and remorse.htm, Jesus Defends Disciples who Pluck Grain on the Sabbath. When I boast, it will be about YHVH; the humble will hear of it and be glad. While it is possible to see these as scribal or manuscript errors, if Elimelech was purposely changed, it seems prudent to consider whether all changes should be viewed in that light. This exception could be deemed necessary to ensure Abiathar's correct ancestry is preserved somewhere in the narrative. "(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), 1 Samuel 22:9Then Doeg the Edomite, who stood by the servants of Saul, answered and said, "I saw the son of Jesse coming to Nob, to Ahimelech the son of Ahitub. (Comp. The First Book of Kings(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), 1 Samuel 22:14Then Ahimelech answered the king, and said, "Who among all your servants is so faithful as David, who is the king's son-in-law, and is taken into your council, and is honorable in your house? (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), 2 Samuel 8:17and Zadok the son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech the son of Abiathar, were priests; and Seraiah was scribe;(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), 1 Chronicles 18:16And Zadok, the son of Ahitub; and Ahimelech, the son of Abiathar, were priests; and Shavsha was the scribe;(BBE NIV), 1 Chronicles 24:3David with Zadok of the sons of Eleazar, and Ahimelech of the sons of Ithamar, divided them according to their ordering in their service. Saul then commanded Doeg to massacre those who helped David and at Sauls orders, Doeg put Ahimelech and the other priests to death, before killing all the men, women, children and animals of the town. and are transliterations whose meanings in Greek are simply the names Abimelech or Ahimelech. It was a . Isaac went to Abimelech, king of the Philistines, in the city of Gerar. Harvest Christian Fellowship - Pastor Mike Finizio, The Tale of Two Sheiks: Abraham and Abimelech In the first, Abimelech likely was alive when Saul died. "Abimelech" is a kind of combination of "Abiathar" and "Ahimelech". In other words, both men had two names as appears to be the case in 2 Sam. Abraham and Abimelech Genesis 20:1-16 narrates the story of Abraham emigrating to the southern region of Gerar, whose king is named Abimelech. Abimelech: my father a king, or father of a king, a common name of the Philistine kings, . "(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), 1 Samuel 21:2David said to Ahimelech the priest, "The king has commanded me a business, and has said to me,'Let no man know anything of the business about which I send you, and what I have commanded you; and I have appointed the young men to such and such a place. David lies ~ there are no men and there is no secret mission! Your email address will not be published. It is equally unlikely to be an error in the Greek, because of the magnitude of change (two letters that look nothing alike, rather than only one similar letter in the Hebrew), as well as the above concern of having to harmonize across multiple verses, so it seems intentional. Easton's Bible Dictionary (New and reviseded.). And he dwelled as an alien in Gerar. In Psalm 34, Abimelech is his title of royalty, just like the Pharaoh of Egypt. Rabbinical literature linked the extermination of the male descendants of David with the extermination of the priests of Nob by Saul - deeming it divine retribution because David's action had provoked Saul's outburst - and also linked the survival of David's descendant Joash with that of Ahimelech's son Abiathar.[2]. In the parallel passage, the name is given as Ahimelech; most authorities consider this the more correct reading. How do you reconcile the good things God promises with the acute suffering experienced by some believers? See P. C. Craigie, Psalms 1-50 (WBC), 278.2, In fact, that is how Abimelech is consistently handled throughout the LXX: it is a royal title given to those like Elimelech who are not in the position to say of David, "My brother is king.". The priestly head of the establishment at Nob is represented to have been the man who had the right to the office through his descent from Aaron. Abimelech agreed to return the wells and then they made an agreement. Individual and Communal Praise: David begins very personally, I will bless ADONAI at all times; in joy and sorrow, His praise will always be in my mouth. This act, as reported by Doeg the Edomite, Saul viewed as treasonous; and by the hand of this idolatrous and malignant foreigner, he put Ahimelech and eighty-five other priests of Jehovah to death, 1 Samuel 22:1-23-a crime sufficient of itself to forfeit the throne and the favor of God.
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